Extending the WSN lifetime by Dividing the Network Area into a Specific Zones

LEACH protocol is considered the best in the WSN protocols in extending the network lifetime and reduces energy loss, but LEACH suffers from the problem of the correct distribution of the nodes correlation with CHs. In this paper, we propose an improved protocol called LEACH-Z(LEACH zones), this protocol improves the distribution of clusters by making the clusters near the base station(BS) large(greater number of nodes) and the clusters are far from BS small(lesser number of nodes), where divides the network area to parts(zones), be part of a larger when close to the BS in addition to preventing the election of CHs in the region far from the BS and thus conserve energy this means that the nodes will remain alive as long as possible, this makes nodes gather more information. The results proved that the LEACH-Z is better than the original LEACH and more optimizations to reduce energy consumption.